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Friday, November 29, 2024

Seventh Quarterly Report under Settlement Agreement in Sweet, et al. v. Cardona (US Department of Education)

The latest report regarding Borrower Defense to Repayment settlements has been published. National Student  Loan Data System records indicate that discharges have been fully processed for at least 195,5908 Class Members eligible for relief. Refunds have been fully processed for at least 194,782 Class Members eligible for relief.  

Borrower Defense to Repayment is a debt forgiveness strategy for consumers if they believe they were defrauded by a school and can document that fraud. The Project on Predatory Student Lending (PPSL) has provided assistance to thousands of consumers defrauded by for-profit colleges and still offers help

For consumer support regarding about Borrower Defense claims, we also recommend joining the r/Borrower Defense group on Reddit.  

Wednesday, November 27, 2024

National Day of Mourning, Thursday 11-28-2024 (United American Indians of New England)

Since 1970, Indigenous people & their allies have gathered at noon on Cole's Hill in Plymouth to commemorate a National Day of Mourning on the US Thanksgiving holiday. Many Native people do not celebrate the arrival of the Pilgrims & other European settlers. Thanksgiving Day is a reminder of the genocide of millions of Native people, the theft of Native lands and the erasure of Native cultures. Participants in National Day of Mourning honor Indigenous ancestors and Native resilience. It is a day of remembrance and spiritual connection, as well as a protest against the racism and oppression that Indigenous people continue to experience worldwide.


Join us as we continue to create a true awareness of Native peoples and history. Help shatter the untrue image of the Pilgrims, and the unjust system based on white supremacy, settler colonialism, sexism, homophobia and the profit-driven destruction of the Earth that they and other European settlers introduced to these shores.

Solidarity with Indigenous struggles throughout the world!
From Turtle Island to Palestine, Colonialism is a Crime!
Free Leonard Peltier! www.freeleonardpeltiernow.org

While many supporters will attend in person, we will also livestream the event from Plymouth.

United American Indians of New England (decolonizing since 1970)
info@uaine.org * UAINE website * UAINE Facebook Group

Facebook event

Watch the 2024 National Day of Mourning Livestream on Youtube

Donate

#NDOM2024 #NoThanksNoGiving
No sit-down social, but box lunches will be available.
Masks required!

List of Schools with Strong Indicators of Misconduct, Evidence for Borrower Defense Claims

Here (below) is a list of schools where there are strong indicia of misconduct, per the Department of Education and/or the Department of Justice. 

Student loan debtors who have attended these schools, and believe they were defrauded, are encouraged to file Borrower Defense to Repayment claims if they haven't already. 

More than 750,000 Borrower Defense fraud claims have been filed, and tens of thousands have resulted in debt forgiveness. Folks can also join the r/BorrowerDefense group on Reddit for support and guidance.  

Alta Colleges, Inc. (Westwood)

  • Westwood College

American Commercial Colleges, Inc.

  • American Commercial College

American National University

  • American National University

Ana Maria Piña Houde and Marc Houde

  • Anamarc College

Anthem Education Group (International Education Corporation)

  • Anthem College
  • Anthem Institute

Apollo Group

  • University of Phoenix
  • Western International University

ATI Enterprises

  • ATI Career Training Center
  • ATI College
  • ATI College of Health
  • ATI Technical Training Center

Baker College

B&H Education, Inc.

  • Marinello School of Beauty

Berkeley College (NY)

  • Berkeley College

Bridgepoint Education

  • Ashford University
  • University of the Rockies

Capella Education Company (Strategic Education, Inc.)

  • Capella University

Career Education Corporation

  • American InterContinental University
  • Briarcliffe College
  • Brooks College
  • Brooks Institute
  • Collins College
  • Colorado Technical University
  • Gibbs College
  • Harrington College of Design
  • International Academy of Design and Technology
  • Katharine Gibbs School
  • Le Cordon Bleu
  • Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts
  • Le Cordon Bleu Institute of Culinary Arts
  • Lehigh Valley College
  • McIntosh College
  • Missouri College of Cosmetology North
  • Pittsburgh Career Institute
  • Sanford‐Brown College
  • Sanford‐Brown Institute
  • Brown College
  • Brown Institute
  • Washington Business School
  • Allentown Business School
  • Western School of Health and Business Careers
  • Ultrasound Diagnostic Schools
  • School of Computer Technology
  • Al Collins Graphic Design School
  • Orlando Culinary Academy
  • Southern California School of Culinary Arts
  • California Culinary Academy
  • California School of Culinary Arts
  • Pennsylvania Culinary Institute
  • Cooking and Hospitality Institute of Chicago
  • Scottsdale Culinary Institute
  • Texas Culinary Academy
  • Kitchen Academy
  • Western Culinary Institute

Center for Employment Training

  • Center for Employment Training

Center for Excellence in Higher Education (CEHE)

  • California College San Diego
  • CollegeAmerica
  • Independence University
  • Stevens‐Henager

Corinthian Colleges, Inc.

  • American Motorcycle Institute
  • Ashmead College
  • Blair College
  • Bryman College
  • Bryman Institute
  • CDI College
  • Duff's Business Institute
  • Eton Technical Institute
  • Everest
  • Everest University Online
  • Everest College Phoenix
  • Florida Metropolitan University
  • Georgia Medical Institute
  • Heald College
  • Kee Business College
  • Las Vegas College
  • National Institute of Technology
  • National School of Technology
  • Olympia Career Training Institute
  • Olympia College
  • Parks College
  • Rochester Business Institute
  • Sequoia College
  • Tampa College
  • Western Business College
  • WyoTech

Computer Systems Institute

  • Computer Systems Institute

Court Reporting Institute, Inc.

  • Court Reporting Institute

Cynthia Becher

  • La' James College of Hairstyling
  • La' James International College

David Pyle

  • American Career College
  • American Career Institute

Delta Career Education Corporation

  • McCann School of Business & Technology
  • Miami‐Jacobs Career College
  • Miller Motte Business College
  • Miller‐Motte College
  • Miller‐Motte Technical College
  • Tucson College

DeVry

  • American University of the Caribbean
  • Carrington College
  • Chamberlain University
  • DeVry College of Technology
  • Devry Institute of Technology
  • DeVry University
  • Keller Graduate School of Management
  • Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine
  • Ross University School of Medicine

EDMC/Dream Center

  • Argosy University
  • The Art Institute (including The Art Institute of Atlanta, The Art Institute of California, and more)
  • Brown Mackie College
  • Illinois Institute of Art
  • Miami International University of Art & Design
  • New England Institute of Art
  • South University
  • Western State University College of Law

Education Affiliates (JLL Partners)

  • All‐State Career School
  • Fortis College
  • Fortis Institute

Edudyne Systems Inc.

  • Career Point College

Empire Education Group

  • Empire Beauty School

Everglades College, Inc.

  • Everglades University
  • Keiser University

FastTrain

  • FastTrain

Full Sail University

Globe Education Network

  • Globe University
  • Minnesota School of Business

Graham Holdings Company (Kaplan)

  • Bauder College
  • Kaplan Career Institute
  • Kaplan College
  • Mount Washington College
  • Purdue University Global

Grand Canyon Education, Inc.

  • Grand Canyon University

Infilaw Holding, LLC

  • Arizona Summit Law School
  • Charlotte School of Law
  • Florida Coastal School of Law

International Education Corporation

  • Florida Career College
  • United Education Institute

ITT Educational Services Inc.

  • ITT Technical Institute

JTC Education, Inc.

  • Gwinnett College
  • Medtech College
  • Radians College

Laureate Education, Inc

  • Walden University

Leeds Equity Partners V, L.P.

  • Florida Technical College
  • National University College
  • NUC University

Liberty Partners

  • Concorde Career College
  • Concorde Career Institute

Lincoln Educational Services Corporation

  • International Technical Institute
  • Lincoln College of Technology
  • Lincoln Technical Institute

Mark A. Gabis Trust

  • Daymar College

Mission Group Kansas, Inc.

  • Wright Business School
  • Wright Career College

Premier Education Group L.P.

  • American College for Medical Careers
  • Branford Hall Career Institute
  • Hallmark Institute of Photography
  • Hallmark University
  • Harris School of Business
  • Institute for Health Education
  • Micropower Career Institute
  • Suburban Technical School
  • Salter College

Quad Partners LLC

  • Beckfield College
  • Blue Cliff College
  • Dorsey College

Remington University, Inc. (Remington College)

  • Remington College

Southern Technical Holdings, LLC

  • Southern Technical College

Star Career Academy

  • Star Career Academy

Strayer University

Sullivan and Cogliano Training Center, Inc.

  • Sullivan and Cogliano Training Centers

TCS Education System

  • Chicago School of Professional Psychology

Vatterott Educational Centers, Inc.

  • Court Reporting Institute of St Louis
  • Vatterott College

Wilfred American Education Corp.

  • Robert Fiance Beauty Schools
  • Robert Fiance Hair Design Institute
  • Robert Fiance Institute of Florida
  • Wilfred Academy
  • Wilfred Academy of Beauty Culture
  • Wilfred Academy of Hair & Beauty Culture

Willis Stein & Partners (ECA)

  • Brightwood Career Institute
  • Brightwood College
  • New England College of Business and Finance
  • Virginia College

Tuesday, November 26, 2024

U.S. Department of Education Announces Official Release of 2025–26 FAFSA Form

The U.S. Department of Education (Department) today officially released the 2025–26 Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®), 10 days before its Dec. 1 goal. The online FAFSA form is available to all students and families at fafsa.gov, and the Department is processing submissions and sending them to schools. The paper form is also now available for students to submit.

Over the last several months, the Department has incorporated feedback from students, parents, schools, community-based organizations, and other partners into the FAFSA process and comprehensively tested the FAFSA form, system, and user supports at scale through a rigorous beta testing period. Since Oct. 1, through four rounds of testing, more than 167,000 students have submitted the online 2025–26 application; the Department has processed these forms and sent records to more than 5,200 schools across all states. The Department also tested the application with a variety of student groups—including those who faced particular challenges last year—and engaged with different colleges and universities, software vendors, state agencies, and federal partners to test FAFSA data and systems.

"I'm pleased to announce that after four successful rounds of beta testing, the 2025–26 FAFSA form is now available to all students and families,” said U.S. Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona. “After months of hard work and lots of feedback from students, schools, and other stakeholders, we can say with confidence that FAFSA is working and will serve as the gateway to college access and affordability to millions of students. Already, over 650,000 more applicants are eligible for Pell Grants, and more students are receiving Pell Grants, this school year compared to last year. We stand ready to help millions more students complete the FAFSA and get the financial aid they need to pursue their dreams of a college education.”

The Department has taken steps to modernize internal systems and processes, address issues in the FAFSA system, and put in place features that further enhance the user experience and improve functionality of the form. In addition, the Department released and updated resources and materials to help students and families better navigate the FAFSA form and process.

“We need a better FAFSA form to deliver financial aid to students going to college and other forms of education after high school,” said U.S. Under Secretary of Education James Kvaal. “Thank you to everyone who has helped the 2025–26 FAFSA launch successfully and ahead of schedule, including students and families, Department staff, and financial aid administrators and counselors across the country.”

For those who need additional assistance, the Department significantly increased staffing at the Federal Student Aid Information Center (contact center) by adding more than 700 agents since January and an additional 225 agents over the next few weeks for ongoing surge support. In anticipation of high demand as part of the official release of the FAFSA form, this week, the Department added extended FAFSA-only weeknight and Saturday contact center hours. Despite that, the Department cautions users that, during some surge periods, callers may temporarily experience longer than usual wait times. The Department will continue to add agents in the coming weeks to further support the 2025–26 FAFSA cycle.

“The 2025–26 FAFSA form that we officially released today is the same form that has been live for the past 7 weeks for the more than 140,000 students who successfully submitted applications. Our comprehensive beta testing with community-based organizations, high schools and school districts, colleges and universities, software vendors, and state agencies across the country follows industry best practices and has given us the confidence that our systems are ready,” said FAFSA Executive Advisor Jeremy Singer.

The FAFSA form and system are in a strong position, but the Department will continue working to ensure every student has the help they need to access higher education. In the coming days and weeks, the Department will carefully monitor the 2025–26 FAFSA form, as well as the contact center, and make any needed adjustments to improve the experience for students, families, and the financial aid community. The Department will begin processing paper forms by early December. In the coming months, the Department will further enhance the user experience and release additional functionality, including batch corrections and paper corrections, to facilitate a smoother process for students, families, and institutions.

The Department looks forward to continuing its work with partners to ensure that all students and their families can easily access the FAFSA form, have timely and clear information, and can quickly complete the application and access aid.

Additional Resources for Students, Families, and Partners

The Department has taken actions to significantly improve the Federal Student Aid Information Center’s contact center experience for students, families, and institutions, including to support the official release of the 2025–26 FAFSA form. These improvements include: Increasing staffing by nearly 80%. Since January, we have added more than 700 agents to the contact center.
Coordinating with the vendor team to ensure all agents, including those typically assigned to back-office processing, are trained on FAFSA to allow for an "all hands on deck" approach if needed.
Adding 225 agents over the next few weeks, in addition to the 700 agents who have already been added, for ongoing surge support, enabling extended hours of operation.
Implementing hold time announcements to inform callers of current wait times, giving them the option to hold or call back during less busy hours.

In addition to normal operating hours, found on StudentAid.gov, students and families will have access to FAFSA-only hours at the contact center that include evenings and weekends. The expanded hours begin Nov. 22, 2024 and will extend through Mar. 2, 2025. Students and families can reach agents at the contact center in English or in Spanish. Interpretation services in additional languages can be accessed here at StudentAid.gov.

Day(s) Regular Contact Center Hours FAFSA-only Support Hours
Monday 8 a.m.–9 p.m. ET Available until 10 p.m. ET
Tuesday & Wednesday 8 a.m.–8 p.m. ET Available until 10 p.m. ET
Thursday & Friday 8 a.m.–6 p.m. ET Available until 10 p.m. ET
Saturday Closed Noon–5 p.m. ET
Sunday Closed Closed

Notes: The contact center is closed on all federal holidays. On Friday, Nov. 29, 2024, the contact center will operate during regular hours and will not provide expanded FAFSA-only support hours.

The Department has recently released a suite of resources to assist students and families in completing and submitting the FAFSA form during the 2025–26 cycle, including:“Who’s the Parent on the FAFSA Form?” Wizard—A new, stand-alone tool to help students and families determine who will need to provide contributor information on the 2025–26 FAFSA form prior to starting the application.
“Creating Your StudentAid.gov Account” Page—A new resource that explains what families and partners need to know about creating a StudentAid.gov account.
Pro Tips for Completing the FAFSA Form—Updated tips for preparing to complete and submit the FAFSA form. This resource will also be linked from the StudentAid.gov Dashboard to promote easier access for students and their required contributor(s).
Federal Student Aid Estimator—The tool provides an estimate of the 2025–26 Student Aid Index and Federal Pell Grant eligibility calculation.
Federal Student Aid YouTube Channel: FAFSA Videos—Updated videos to help students and families understand the importance of the FAFSA form, who is a FAFSA contributor, and what happens after submitting the form.

Throughout the fall, the Department has released resources to assist our partners to help students and families prepare for and navigate the 2025–26 FAFSA cycle, including: 2025–26 Counselor Resource for Completing the FAFSA Form—The resource provides counselors and advisors with information and resources to help guide students and their families through the FAFSA form.
2025–26 FAFSA Roadmap—The tool highlights key dates for the FAFSA form launch, as well as timelines for the release of resources to assist our partners.
2025–26 FAFSA Preview Presentation—The resource provides financial aid administrators, advisors, and counselors with reference tools for staff trainings and financial aid nights. The presentation deck contains screenshots which highlight changes to the online 2025–26 FAFSA form.
2025–26 FAFSA Prototype—The tool provides the financial aid community an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the FAFSA user experience.

Updated information and outreach tools for counselors, college access professionals, and other advisors can be found in the Financial Aid Toolkit.

FOR-PROFIT BORROWERS ACTION on 12/4 in DC (Debt Collective)

Students who attended predatory, for-profit schools have had enough – and we are on the march for justice. These students have been failed twice: first by the scam schools who saddled them with crushing debt, and second, by the Department of Education who has delayed discharging these unjust debts.

On 12/4 we are headed to Washington DC to demand they cancel the loans of borrowers who went to schools with serious misconduct evidence against them and to make sure the promised cancellation is done before the next administration.

Is this you? Want to come to DC with us to light some fires?

We will be holding a press conference at The Capitol at 12pm with several organizations and congressional members ready to support us. Then heading to the DOE with our bullhorns.

We need for-profit borrowers to show up en masse.

We have Sen. Durbin, Sen. Markey, Rep. Waters, many members of the HELP committee along with major student loan orgs backing us in this action.

We know this is a tight turn around, we need to get the DOE time to actually do what they need to do.

If you are interested in joining, we have a budget to pay up to $200 towards your travel costs.

WHEN: DECEMBER 4th at 12pm

WHERE: Washington DC at the Capitol Building

Sign up using the form below for further details:

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf2RrZUjNZ3cBAlLpceosBWyj88eiOnQyNmCTC1V4ZfaqbY-A/viewform?usp=sf_link

If you have questions please email Ashley@thedebtcollective.org

PLEASE SHARE THIS WITH OTHER FOR-PROFIT BORROWERS IN YOUR LIFE

We know one thing: we can’t afford to wait.

History is watching,
XOXO
The Debt Collective

Monday, November 25, 2024

Will Student Loan Programs Change in 2025? What Borrowers Should Know (Stanley Tate)

Worried about changes to student loan forgiveness in 2025? In this video, I analyze possible updates to the SAVE Plan, PSLF, and other federal student loan programs. As a student loan lawyer, I'm cutting through the confusion to explain what changes are actually possible, which programs are protected by law, and what you should do right now.


FTC and California AG Have Been Investigating Online College Provider 2U (David Halperin)

Struggling online program management operation 2U has this year been under investigation by both the Federal Trade Commission and California’s attorney general, filings in federal bankruptcy court reveal.

Maryland-based 2U, which has faced scrutiny and lawsuits over alleged deceptive practices and has struggled with heavy debt, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in federal court in Manhattan in July. The company emerged from bankruptcy on September 13, after a federal court approved its restructuring plan, but not before at least two filings in the case indicated that the FTC and the California AG are probing the company.

The very last page of a 128-page filing that 2U’s lawyers submitted in the bankruptcy case on September 4 notes that the FTC and California’s AG requested language in the court’s proposed order “that explicitly preserves governmental claims.”  Since there are apparently no contractual or business ties between 2U and the FTC or the California AG, the governmental claims almost certainly relate to a law enforcement request or investigation that could potentially result in penalties or judgments against the company. The notation indicates that 2U reached agreement with the federal and state law enforcement agencies that their claims would not be voided by the proposed bankruptcy restructuring.

Similarly, a September 23 filing includes an extensive list of 2U’s creditors — entities that may be owed money by the company. One entity on that list is “UNITED STATES FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION” and the contact listed is the email address for Kimberly Nelson, an attorney in the FTC’s enforcement division, the branch, within the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection, that investigates and brings actions against companies for deceptive and unfair business practices. (The California attorney general’s office does not appear on that particular list of creditors.)

An FTC spokesperson declined to comment. A spokesperson for the California Department of Justice emailed a statement saying, “To protect its integrity, we’re unable to comment on, even to confirm or deny, a potential or ongoing investigation.”

2U did not respond to a request for comment. 

David Vladeck, a former director of the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection, told me today that he “can’t imagine any other reason” that the FTC and the California AG would appear in these bankruptcy documents other than that those agencies were “looking at” 2U. “The FTC often gets involved when a company under investigation is in bankruptcy,” Vladeck said. “I think it is absolutely fair to say that the FTC and the California AG are investigating this company.” 

Vladeck also said that, at least when he was at the FTC (from 2009 to 2012), a vote of the FTC commissioners would have been required to authorize commission lawyers to submit a filing in a bankruptcy case that would disclose a potential investigation of a company. 

Until its reorganization became effective on September 23, 2U was a publicly-traded company, and therefore was required to report significant events, such as the existence of a federal or state law enforcement investigation, in public filings to the Securities and Exchange Commission. I can’t, however, find any reference to an FTC or California AG investigation in 2U’s SEC filings this year. Company practices regarding an SEC disclosure threshold vary, and I don’t know if the FTC and California AG communications with 2U were of sufficient magnitude that they should have triggered such a reporting obligation for 2U. 

2U has long been a leader in the OPM space, partnering with colleges and universities to offer programs online. As of earlier this year, more than 67,000 students were enrolled in 2U programs, including more than 43,000 pursuing degrees at programs branded by public and private colleges. But advocates and students charge that 2U has offered low-quality programs using deceptive marketing and recruiting, often misleading students into thinking they are interacting with personnel of a well-known school rather than 2U employees.

In February, 2U had warned in Securities and Exchange Commission filings that it may not be able to stay in business. Yet in March, the company approved nearly $5 million in bonuses for a handful of top executives, including $2.3 million for CEO Paul Lalljie.

[Editor's note: This article originally appeared on Republic Report.] 

Sunday, November 24, 2024

The Admissions Game

History and Structure of Selective Admissions

Folks are not privy to the inner workings of admissions, especially at elite and brand name schools.  The College Admissions Scandal (aka Varsity Blues) gave us a small window into this structure, but that story will soon be forgotten. And it only touched the surface of how the system works for some and not for others.   

What little the public has access about selective admissions can be found in a few historical and sociological sources, like Craig Steven Wilder's Ebony and Ivy: Race, Slavery, and the Troubled History of America's Universities and William Domhoff's Who Rules America?: The Corporate Rich, White Nationalist Republicans, and Inclusionary Democrats in the 2020s. Books that are not best sellers or readily available in public libraries. 

The 400 year history of American higher education begins with selective admissions. From the 1600s to the 1860s, access was largely restricted to white, Anglo-Saxon Protestant male landowners, reflecting the societal norms of the time. A few Native American elites were forced into universities as tools of assimilation, colonization, and cultural erasure.

There were some notable exceptions. Georgetown, a Catholic college, was founded in 1789, and like other schools relied on enslaved people for labor.  For others, there were for-profit trade schools for bookkeeping, engineering and technical drawing. In 1836, the first women's college, Wesleyan College, was founded. 

Higher Education Segregation and the Morrill (Land-Grant Colleges) Act

In the 19th century, as the United States industrialized and urbanized, the concept of meritocracy began to take hold. However, this meritocracy was often defined narrowly, excluding women, people of color, religious minorities, and those from lower socioeconomic classes.
 
Elite colleges continued to favor students from wealthy families, often requiring them to pass entrance exams that tested knowledge of Latin and Greek, subjects typically studied at private preparatory schools. 
 
Separate colleges for African Americans were established. 
 
After the Civil War, opportunities opened up for other white males with the emergence of federal land grants that established state flagship universities. The state universities, were in fact, established on land stolen from indigenous nations. 
 
With a demand for more folks with degrees, degree mills also rose. 

The GI Bill and Civil Rights

The 20th century saw some progress in expanding access to higher education. The GI Bill, for example, provided educational benefits to male veterans, including many from marginalized backgrounds. However, systemic racism and sexism continued to limit opportunities for Black students and women. 
 
Diploma mills again sprang up, in response to this large influx of government funds.
 
It wasn't until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s that significant strides were made in desegregating higher education. And the first tribal college, Diné College, was established in 1968 by the Navajo Nation. 

Affirmative Action and DEI

Today, while elite colleges have become more diverse, they remain elite in nature, especially in terms of social class (wealth, power, prestige). The private school pipeline, legacy admissions, active recruiting, and the financial motivations of these institutions continue to perpetuate inequalities. Students from under-resourced schools and communities may still face significant barriers to admission, even with impressive academic records.

The admissions process at elite colleges and universities has become increasingly scrutinized in recent years. Critics argue that the system favors a select group of students, often from privileged backgrounds, while excluding others with equally impressive credentials. 

Feeder Schools: The Private School Pipeline

Private schools provide students with a distinct advantage in the college admissions process. These schools offer smaller class sizes, specialized resources, and extracurricular opportunities that can enhance a student's application. Private schools also have established relationships with admissions officers at top colleges, which can give their students an edge. This pipeline effectively funnels a disproportionate number of students from wealthy families into elite institutions.

Legacy Admissions

Legacy admissions, which give preference to applicants whose parents or grandparents attended the same college, further perpetuate the advantages of wealth and privilege. Studies have shown that legacy students are significantly more likely to be admitted to top schools, even when compared to non-legacy applicants with higher test scores and GPAs. This practice raises questions about meritocracy and equal opportunity in higher education.

Active Recruiting

Elite colleges engage in extensive recruiting efforts to attract top students. They often target high-achieving students at selective high schools and even travel internationally to scout talent. While this practice may seem beneficial, it can also reinforce existing inequalities. Students from under-resourced schools and communities may not have the same access to information and opportunities, making it difficult for them to compete in the admissions process.

International Students

Elite universities often attract students from developing countries who pay substantial tuition fees, contributing significantly to the universities' financial stability. Critics argue that this practice exploits the global education gap, as students from wealthier countries often have better access to quality higher education within their own nations. Additionally, the "brain drain" phenomenon, where talented individuals from developing countries migrate to developed nations for education and employment, can further exacerbate economic disparities. While universities may tout the benefits of cultural exchange and global citizenship, the economic incentives and power dynamics involved in international student recruitment raise concerns about the ethical implications of this practice.

The Profit Motive

It is important to acknowledge that elite colleges are businesses. They generate significant revenue from tuition, endowments, and other sources. Admissions practices, such as legacy preferences and active recruiting, can be seen as strategies to attract wealthy students who can contribute to the institution's financial bottom line. This raises concerns about whether the primary goal of these colleges is to provide a quality education or to maximize profits.  
 
Many elite schools, including Harvard and MIT, have also used online program managers like 2U to peddle certificates of questionable value. 

The Admissions Lottery 

While a "lottery mindset" isn't directly beneficial to elite universities in terms of increasing applications, it can indirectly impact the perception of the admissions process. As more and more qualified students apply to these institutions, the acceptance rate decreases, making it feel like a lottery. This perception can lead to several outcomes:
 
Increased Application Volume: Students may feel compelled to apply to a wider range of schools, including elite universities, increasing the overall application pool.
 
Early Decision Strategies: Students and parents may be more inclined to apply early decision to increase their chances, as it often has a higher acceptance rate.

Focus on Holistic Review: As the application pool grows, admissions officers may place greater emphasis on holistic review, considering factors beyond grades and test scores. This can benefit students with unique talents, experiences, or backgrounds.

However, it's important to note that a "lottery mindset" can also be detrimental. It can lead to increased stress and anxiety among applicants, as well as a sense of disillusionment with the college admissions process. Ultimately, while a lottery mindset may have some unintended consequences, it's essential to remember that college admissions is not solely a game of chance. Hard work, dedication, and a well-rounded application can significantly improve a student's chances of acceptance.

Will College Pay Off in 2025?

Will college pay off for you, the student/consumer/worker? This is a question that folks have been asking for years. The short but honest answer is that it depends on who you are and what you do with the resources you have. And it depends on what you consider success. 

In 2017, we co-authored a video called the College Meltdown. At the time, it may have been considered hyperbolic and cynical. But times have changed dramatically in the last seven years. 

College and Underemployment

A study from Georgetown University found that nearly a third of colleges and universities leave students worse off financially 10 years after graduation compared to those with just a high school diploma. A February 2024 report by the Burning Glass Institute and the Strada Institute for the Future of Work found that 52% of recent four-year college graduates are underemployed within a year of graduating. According to the Strada Institute for the Future of Work, individuals who start out underemployed are 3.5 times more likely to be underemployed a decade after graduation.

Who Am I? 

For elites, college can be helpful as a status symbol and a signal to others for business partnerships and marriage. For ambitious immigrants and children of immigrants, it can be the ticket to an important credential in a competitive international labor market. In some professions, it's difficult finding good work without an elite degree

Will it pay off for you if you don't fall into those categories? If you are working class person who is not an immigrant or the child of an immigrant, the answer may be "no" as often as it is "yes." Race and class discrimination is still a social reality and a notable credential may be helpful to defy negative stereotypes. Whether college works for you depends on a number of factors: choosing the right major at the right time, a willingness to work long hours, and meeting the right people at school and in your internships. In some cases, there may be better options, to include higher-paying union jobs and vocational education in lucrative fields.

Even for middle-class folks college can be a questionable option, leading to anxiety, depression, and regret.  This is especially true if an individual chooses the the wrong school and the wrong major in combination with other life choices such as substance abuse (which often starts in college), early marriage, early parenthood, and living in the wrong geographic area.

Winning Majors (For Now)

STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics), health, and business majors are the highest paying, leading to average annual wages of $37,000 or more at the entry level and an average of $65,000 or more annually over the course of a recipient’s career. This is only and average, and other factors may contribute to a better or worse outcome. Some majors may be lucrative, but unforeseen circumstances can make them less valuable.

Risky Majors (in the Material World)

The 10 majors with the lowest median earnings are: early childhood education ($39,000); human services and community organization ($41,000); studio arts, social work, teacher education, and visual and performing arts ($42,000); theology and religious vocations, and elementary education ($43,000); drama and theater arts and family and community service ($45,000). People who value things other than material success (like children and families, religion, and communities) may still find these jobs worthwhile. Or they may find imaginative ways to make their major and other life experience, work for them financially.